Studied Stellenbosch, Cambridge. Lawyer, strategist, "intellectual, man of genius, explored wide horizons", politician, statesman, philosopher. 1895 Practice in Cape Town, 1897 practice in Johannesburg, 1898 Govt attorney. Many political writings, including 'A century of injustice'. ABW General. After ABW, close bonds with Botha. Indian policies opposed by MK Ghandi. Drafted constitution of Union of SA.WWI Led invasion of SW A, then East Africa. 1917 London: participated in imperial war conference, established RAF as independent service. Advocated Commonwealth and League of Nations 1922 Suppressed miners' strike. 1919-24 Succeeded Botha as Prime Minister. Then time for botany and holism, S2A3. Opposed Hertzog's native legislation.1939-48 Prime Minister when Hertzog's government was outvoted about SA's participation in WW2. Organised SA's defence force for the war, reorganised it in 1942 after Tobruk, imperial war cabinet in England. UNO. After 1948 opposed government's apartheid policies.
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